OWN - Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH CI - Copyright Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH OCI - Copyright Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH TA - J CranioMand Func JT - Journal of Craniomandibular Function IS - 1868-4149 (Print) IP - 1 VI - 13 PST - ppublish DP - 2021 PG - 9-20 LA - en TI - How does depression influence the pain drawings of patients 
with orofacial pain? FAU - Allgeier, Sarah AU - Allgeier S FAU - Schindler, Hans J. AU - Schindler H FAU - Giannakopoulos, Nikolaos N. AU - Giannakopoulos N CN - OT - pain drawing OT - orofacial pain OT - dermatomes OT - depressive disorder AB - Objective: This study of orofacial pain patients aimed to investigate the relationship of the degree of preexisting depression with pain distribution and a modified Ransford score (MRS). Materials and methods: Patients with non-odontogenic orofacial pain were consecutively recruited on first presentation at the University of Heidelberg University Clinic for Prosthodontics. All participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) for depression severity and the new pain drawings (PDs) from the DC/TMD. The PDs were rated in terms of dermatomal pain distribution (DPD) and MRS. Nonparametric statistics were used to analyze the data (significance level: P ≤ 0.05). Results: A total of 218 patients (average age: 41.9 years, n = 50 male) were included in the final study. The DPD analysis showed that 56% of patients (n = 122) had pain extending beyond dermatome C4. PHQ-9 scores (mean with standard deviation) were 8.23 ± 6.73 in males and 7.82 ± 6.25 in females. Increased PHQ-9 scores of ≥ 10 points, which indicate a high probability of moderate to severe depression, were detected in 73 (33.5%) patients overall. Compared with females, males with a higher PHQ-9 score had significantly less localized pain (c22(1) = 4.118, P = 0.042). Patients with a higher PHQ-9 score did not have significantly higher MRS values than those with a lower PHQ-9 score (P = 0.109, Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusion: Based on the available data, it seems that the DPD and MRS of patients’ PDs are not valid predictors of the severity of depression. AID - 1090723