PMID- 35072426 OWN - Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH CI - Copyright Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH OCI - Copyright Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH TA - Int J Comput Dent JT - International Journal of Computerized Dentistry IS - 2702-9514 (Electronic) IS - 1463-4201 (Print) IP - 1 VI - 26 PST - ppublish DP - 2023 PG - 11-18 LA - en TI - Accuracy of augmented reality-assisted vs template-guided apicoectomy – an ex vivo comparative study LID - 10.3290/j.ijcd.b2599279 [doi] FAU - Bosshard, Fabienne Andrina AU - Bosshard F FAU - Valdec, Silvio AU - Valdec S FAU - Dehghani, Nima AU - Dehghani N FAU - Wiedemeier, Daniel AU - Wiedemeier D FAU - Fürnstahl, Philipp AU - Fürnstahl P FAU - Stadlinger, Bernd AU - Stadlinger B CN - OT - augmented reality (AR) OT - augmented reality in dentistry OT - augmented reality in oral surgery OT - AR-assisted apicoectomy OT - template-guided apicoectomy OT - ex vivo study AB - Aim: The aim of the present ex vivo study was to examine the accuracy of augmented reality-assisted apicoectomies (AR-A) versus template-guided apicoectomies (TG-A). Materials and methods: In total, 40 apicoectomies were performed in 10 cadaver pig mandibles. Every pig mandible underwent two AR-A and two TG-A in molar and premolar teeth. A crossed experimental design was applied. AR-A was performed using Microsoft HoloLens 2, and TG-A using SMOP software. Postoperative CBCT scans were superimposed with the presurgical planning data. The deviation between the virtually planned apicoectomy and the surgically performed apicoectomy was measured. The primary (angular deviation [degrees]) and secondary (depth deviation [mm]) outcome parameters were measured. Results: Overall, 36 out of 40 apicoectomies could be included in the study. Regarding the primary outcome parameter (angular deviation), there was no significant difference between AR-A and TG-A. The mean values were 5.33 degrees (± 2.96 degrees) in the AR-A group, and 5.23 degrees (± 2.48 degrees) in the TG-A group. The secondary outcome parameter (depth deviation) showed no significant difference between the AR-A group of 0.27 mm (± 2.32 mm) and the TG-A group of 0.90 mm (± 1.84 mm). In this crossed experimental design, both techniques overshot the target depth in posterior sites, as opposed to not reaching the target depth in anterior sites (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Augmented reality (AR) technology has the potential to be introduced into apicoectomy surgery in case further development is implemented. AID - 2599279