PMID- 30460354 OWN - Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH CI - Copyright Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH OCI - Copyright Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH TA - Oral Health Prev Dent JT - Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry IS - 1757-9996 (Electronic) IP - 5 VI - 16 PST - ppublish DP - 2018 PG - 417-424 LA - en TI - Microhardness and SEM-EDX Analysis of Permanent Enamel Surface Adjacent to Fluoride-releasing Restorative Materials Under Severe Cariogenic Challenges LID - 10.3290/j.ohpd.a41363 [doi] FAU - Özveren, Neslihan AU - Özveren N FAU - Özalp, Şerife AU - CN - OT - fluoride OT - giomer OT - glass carbomer OT - resin-modified glass ionomer OT - SEM-EDX AB - Purpose: In this study, the protective effects of restorative materials with fluoride content, resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC), giomer, and glass carbomer against artificial initial caries lesions in a simulated highly cariogenic oral environment were evaluated. Considering the reported recharging abilities of these restorative materials, fluoridated toothpaste was applied to some groups, in which the anti-demineralising effect was also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Two enamel blocks were produced from each of 60 sound permanent molars. Sixty specimens were used for microhardness analysis, and the rest were used for SEM-EDX analysis. Enamel specimens were randomly assigned to three groups according to the restorative material: A = resin-modified glass-ionomer cement; B = giomer; C = glass carbomer. Artificial initial caries lesions were created using demineralising solutions, after which specimens were exposed to in vitro pH cycling simulating a highly cariogenic oral environment. Microhardness and mineral analyses were performed on the enamel surrounding the restorative materials at three different times during the experiment: at the beginning of the experiment, then after the creation of the artificial early caries lesions, and finally after pH cycling. Results: Microhardness and SEM-EDX results mostly confirmed each other. RMGIC and glass carbomer groups with added fluoride toothpaste showed statitsically significantly better anti-demineralising effects in comparison to other groups. Neither of the giomer groups performed as well as RMGIC or glass carbomer. Conclusion: Because of the similarity between the demineralisation inhibitory activity of glass carbomer and RMGIC, glass carbomer may be preferred as a restorative material in paediatric dentistry. AID - 842166