PMID- 26669549 OWN - Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH CI - Copyright Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH OCI - Copyright Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH TA - Int J Oral Implantol (Berl) JT - International Journal of Oral Implantology IS - 2631-6439 (Electronic) IS - 2631-6420 (Print) IP - 4 VI - 8 PST - ppublish DP - 2015 PG - 397-403 LA - en TI - The Smile Esthetic Index (SEI): A method to measure the esthetics of the smile. An intra-rater and inter-rater agreement study FAU - Rotundo, Roberto AU - Rotundo R FAU - Nieri, Michele AU - Nieri M FAU - Bonaccini, Daniele AU - Bonaccini D FAU - Mori, Massimiliano AU - Mori M FAU - Lamberti, Elena AU - Lamberti E FAU - Massironi, Domenico AU - Massironi D FAU - Giachetti, Luca AU - Giachetti L FAU - Franchi, Lorenzo AU - Franchi L FAU - Venezia, Piero AU - Venezia P FAU - Cavalcanti, Raffaele AU - Cavalcanti R FAU - Bondi, Elena AU - Bondi E FAU - Farneti, Mauro AU - Farneti M FAU - Pinchi, Vilma AU - Pinchi V FAU - Buti, Jacopo AU - Buti J CN - OT - classification OT - diagnosis OT - esthetics OT - index OT - smile AB - Purpose: To propose a method to measure the esthetics of the smile and to report its validation by means of an intra-rater and inter-rater agreement analysis. Materials and methods: Ten variables were chosen as determinants for the esthetics of a smile: smile line and facial midline, tooth alignment, tooth deformity, tooth dischromy, gingival dischromy, gingival recession, gingival excess, gingival scars and diastema/missing papillae. One examiner consecutively selected seventy smile pictures, which were in the frontal view. Ten examiners, with different levels of clinical experience and specialties, applied the proposed assessment method twice on the selected pictures, independently and blindly. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Fleiss' kappa) statistics were performed to analyse the intra-rater and inter-rater agreement. Results: Considering the cumulative assessment of the Smile Esthetic Index (SEI), the ICC value for the inter-rater agreement of the 10 examiners was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.51 to 0.72), representing a substantial agreement. Intra-rater agreement ranged from 0.86 to 0.99. Inter-rater agreement (Fleiss' kappa statistics) calculated for each variable ranged from 0.17 to 0.75. Conclusion: The SEI was a reproducible method, to assess the esthetic component of the smile, useful for the diagnostic phase and for setting appropriate treatment plans. AID - 855852