International Poster Journal of Dentistry and Oral Medicine, 01/2023

Lymphomas are solid tumours of the immune system and include 14% of all head and neck malignancies. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders originating in B-, T-, or natural killer T-cells. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a subtype of lymphoma, with two-thirds of the cases presenting as lymph node enlargement. The remaining one third of NHL cases have been reported in the extra nodal sites, including the gastrointestinal tract, Waldeyer’s ring, bone, skin, and brain. Intraoral non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is uncommon and may affect either the jaw bones or occur within the soft tissues of the oral cavity. Oral lymphomas though presenting in 3% - 4% of all lymphomas, are difficult to diagnose as they mimic an array of other diseases such as periodontal disease, osteomyelitis, and other malignancies. An articulate approach with a good understating of the medical history of the patient plays a vital role in diagnosis of oral lymphomas. NHL in the oral cavity is a rarity, but in immunocompromised patients with AIDS there is a risk of around 100-200 times to that of general population. This poster presents a case of non-Hodgkins lymphoma in 72 year-old male with nodulo-proliferative growth on the right maxillary ridge. Keywords: Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, B Cell Lymphoma

The importance of aesthetics on a person's psychological and social life cannot be overstated. Concavities below the malar bone or sunken cheeks can be caused by early tooth loss, if not compensated for by the soft tissue, or muscle flaccidity owing to increasing age or weight loss. Treatment techniques become more difficult as people become older due to a dramatic shift in tissue atrophy, muscle flaccidity, wrinkles, and creases appearing on the face. When teeth are absent for a long duration, cheek support is lost if not compensated for by soft tissue and tends to move medially, encroaching on the tongue. Due to the absence of the vertical dimension of occlusion, there is even a shift in cheek contour. Although surgical reconstructive surgery is a better treatment option,  various factors including medical conditions, financial restraints and personal inclination of the geriatric patients reinforces the rejuvenation of aesthetics with a non-invasive approach. This poster presentation entails the use of a detachable plumper prosthesis with tailored attachments as a straightforward, effective, and non-invasive therapeutic option for improving the facial aesthetics of a completely edentulous geriatric patient with sunken cheeks. Keywords: Cheek plumper, customised, aesthetics, non-invasive, sunken cheeks

Introduction: The harmful effects of smoking tobacco are well known globally. Yet, there is a global rise in the trend of cigarette smoking that warrants a rapid mass screening method to reinforce tobacco cessation. Although chemical markers such as carbon monoxide, nicotine, and cotinine have been used in the past, they are limited by problems in collecting usable samples, analytic costs, and validity. Hence, thiocyanates in blood, urine, and saliva are consistently related to cigarette smoking in laboratory and field studies. Objectives: To review the literature where salivary thiocyanate has been used as a marker for smoking detection and to discuss in detail about its usage as a viable marker. Materials and Method: A literature search was done in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science with key words salivary thiocyanate and smoker. A total of 49 articles were found and downsized to 18 articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: The results of all the studies showed that there is up to a 50% increase in salivary thiocyanate levels in smokers when compared to non-smokers. Discussion: Thiocyanate is an end-product of the detoxification of hydrogen cyanide present in cigarette smoke and is translated into an elevated level of thiocyanate in smokers, which can be used as a potential marker. Among all the studies reviewed, the Densen methodology is widely used. Keywords: Saliva, Serum, Thiocyanate, Smokers, Chemical

The aim of this retrospective study was a three-dimensional evaluation of the orthopaedic effect of the drink plate from birth to surgical palatal closure, taking into account individual maxillary growth in patients with unilateral non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Methods: Out of the patient population of infants with unilateral non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate treated in the Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, in the period in of 1991-2016, model casts taken immediately after birth (t0), before surgical lip closure (t1) and/or closure of the soft palate (t2) were evaluated, of which n=27 patients (n=70 model casts) fulfilled the inclusion criteria, which were then digitised using a 3D scanner (OrthoxScan, Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) and measured three-dimensionally (CleftDynamic, S.K.M. Informatik GmbH, Schwerin, Germany). In addition to the morphological changes of the maxilla and cleft dimension during drink plate therapy, a possible correlation of these to the cleft expression at birth was also analysed. For this purpose, an individual growth area was also determined for each patient/ model cast in order to be able to make corresponding statements. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2018 (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, USA), paired and unpaired t-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient analysis, respectively, and regression analysis (p = 0.05). Ethical approval had been registered under the following number in before all examinations and measurements: EK 154042017. Results: During the observation period t0-t2, the cleft expression at birth decreased significantly by a total of 56%, and taking into account the individual maxillary growth, a significant decrease of 31% and 25% for the time interval: t0-t1 and t1-t2, respectively, as well as a significant linear correlation between the cleft expression at birth and the decrease of the cleft area during pre-surgical orthopaedics (PSO) was observed for both investigation periods. Conclusions: Even if surgical lip closure increased the convergence of the cleft segments (t1-t2), considering individual maxillary growth, a significant decrease of the cleft area could be found during drink plate therapy until lip closure (t0-t1), suggesting an orthopaedic effect of this treatment with convergence of the cleft segments. Keywords: Cleft lip and palate, 3D model analysis, drink plate, orthopaedic effect

The mouth is the mirror of body in health or in disease. It acts as a sentinel or early warning system. Many times, manifestation in the jaw can be an early indicator of systemic diseases such as haematological, metabolic, and endocrinal disorders. Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is the excessive production of parathyroid hormone by parathyroid glands. HPT can be primary, secondary, or tertiary. Radiographically, loss of lamina dura and altered trabecular pattern can be the early manifestations of HPT on the jaw. We present a case of 36-year-old female who reported with pain in jaw for 1 year. The case was provisionally diagnosed solely on the basis of panoramic radiograph and confirmed further as primary hyperparathyroidism due to right inferior parathyroid adenoma with advanced radiographic and laboratory findings. Keywords: Primary hyperparathyroidism, primary hyperparathyroidism, lamina dura, orthopantomogram

Background: Gingiva forms part of the periodontium-supporting structures that cover the alveolar process of jaws and surround the necks of teeth. It is a common site for plaque-induced and non-plaque-induced diseases, which present as neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Objective: To analyse the frequency distribution of gingival biopsied lesions for past 12 years and classify them as per the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted on the preserved records of gingival biopsies reported in our department, and all the details were tabulated. Results: Out of 4468 biopsies, 264 (5.90%) gingival biopsies were obtained, with female dominance. Reactive lesions were the most frequent, followed by inflammatory and immune conditions and lesions (8.33%), neoplasms (4.54%), specific infections (0.37%), and gingival pigmentation (0.37%). Conclusion: The study findings show high a prevalence of gingival lesions. Implementation of recent classification aids in their better categorisation. Keywords: Frequency, gingival, inflammatory, reactive, neoplasms

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the head and neck worldwide. It classically develops in older adults with chronic exposure to mucosal carcinogens. It typically occurs in elderly men during the 5th to 8th decade of life. Interestingly, younger patients have also experienced a worldwide increase in incidence, outpacing their older counterparts. The purpose of our study was to compare and correlate the clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC in young versus old age group. Method: The case history files were retrieved from our department archives from 2010 to 2022. Out of 5350 diagnosed biopsies, 594 OSCC cases were selected. Malignancies of salivary glands, nasopharynx, hypo-pharynx and metastatic tumours were excluded. Demographic data were obtained along with histopathological grading. The data were then analysed using SPSS software and chi square tests were applied. Results: Out of 594 cases, 110 (18.51%) were younger than 40 years of age while 484 (81.4%) were older. In both groups there was a male predominance (~78%). Buccal mucosa and mandibular alveolus were the most common sites in young (37.3%) and old groups (28.5%), respectively. Well differentiated SCC formed the most common histopathological diagnosis in young and adults alike, and pain was the most common presentation. Furthermore, consumption of alcohol and tobacco was significantly associated in both the groups. Conclusion: The clinical and epidemiological profile of young OSCC showed differences and similarities with the older group. Keywords: Clinicopathological, distribution, old, oral squamous cell carcinoma, young

An adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (AOT) or “adeno-ameloblastoma” is a slow growing benign, non-invasive, non-aggressive neoplasm of odontogenic origin. It is also referred to as a two-third tumour, as it is most prevalent in females and in the maxilla and impacted canine in two third of the cases clinically. Radiographically it is present with peri-coronal radiolucency with or without radio-opaque foci within the radiolucency. The most common variant is the follicular type (71%), often mistaken as a dentigerous cyst and the peripheral type being the rarest (18%). Here, we present a case of AOT in the left maxillary region in a 13 year-old female, painless with facial asymmetry as swelling, along with an impacted left upper canine, lateral incisor and unilocular radiolucency with multiple radiopaque flecks radiographically. The pushing away of the canine near to the floor of the orbit and lateral incisor to the mesial wall of the antrum makes this case unique. Registration ID- REG79 Keywords: Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour, adeno-ameloblastoma, dentigerous cyst

Objective: The clear biological advantages of ZrO2 implants maybe confronted by lower stability in the interface area. Therefore, the mechanical stability of two-piece ZrO2 implants should be tested and compared with that of titanium implants. Material and method: The technically mature dynamic rotary oscillating loading method (DIN 1331-2) has already been tested in dentistry. Different types of ZrO2 implants (two-piece designs with different interface levels, cemented and screw-retained abutments with ZrO2 and titanium screws, and one-piece implants) were subjected to pseudo-realistic loads of 15 Ncm and 50 Ncm in a life-time mode. Before, during and after the stress tests, the loosening of the connection screw, the tilting and rotational freedom, and the fracture strength in the connecting area between the fixture and the abutment were determined. Results: Fractures in the interface area occurred in 3% of cases at 15 Ncm loading and in 26% of cases at 50 Ncm. In particular, implants with cemented abutments and so-called bone level implants with ZrO2 screws were susceptible to fracture. The release torques of the abutment screws generally showed a high loss. The residual torque amounted to 64% of the initial tightening torque for titanium and only 36% for ZrO2. Increased torsional freedom up to 2.5° and more was observed for bone level implants with ZrO2 screws. For all implants, the tilting freedom was relatively stable, largely independent of the material and cementation of the connection screws. Considering all test criteria, superior stability of the connection between fixture and abutment was found for tissue level implants with titanium screws. Summary: The dynamic rotary oscillating loading method can be used to simulate long-term loading of implants within a short period of time. Compared to titanium implants, ZrO2 implants showed largely better results regarding fracture strength, wear and loosening effects of the junction between fixture and abutment. Keywords: Zirconium dioxide implants, mechanical stability, dynamic rotary oscillating loading test

In cases of pronounced oligodontia, a sufficient prosthetic restoration cannot be realized without dental implants. Interdisciplinary planning between prosthodontist and surgeon is essential to realize an individually tailored treatment for the patient. Masticatory rehabilitation should be performed because there is a proven gain in quality of life, satisfaction, self-confidence and masticatory efficiency for the patient. Keywords: Oligodontia, congenital missing teeth